Claiming Rules
How Social Security Benefits Can Be Garnished for Federal Debt
Verified against SSA POMS as of September 24, 2026
The short answer
Social Security benefits **can be garnished** to collect delinquent federal non-tax debts through the **Treasury Offset Program**. This offset is limited to the **lesser of 15% of the payment or the amount by which the payment exceeds $750**.
Authority for Garnishment
The Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996 authorizes the collection of delinquent non-tax debts owed to federal agencies through administrative wage garnishment (AWG). This authority is codified at 31 U.S.C. 3720D, and the relevant regulations can be found in 31 CFR 285.11.
20 CFR 422.833 View source ›Garnishment Limitations
Federal law stipulates that garnishment of Social Security benefits for federal non-tax debts should not exceed 15% of the payment or the amount by which the payment exceeds $750, whichever is less.
Verified AnswerExemptions from Garnishment
SSA will not use wage garnishment for debts from salaries paid by the United States Government. Additional exemptions include involuntary separation from employment, as the debtor must be re-employed continuously for at least 12 months before garnishment can resume.
20 CFR 422.805 View source ›Notice and Hearing Rights
Before initiating garnishment proceedings, the debtor must receive a notice at least 30 days beforehand. This notice will inform the debtor of their rights to review the debt records, enter a payment agreement, or request a hearing to dispute the debt or proposed repayment schedule.
20 CFR 422.833 View source ›Collection by Treasury Offset Program
The Treasury Offset Program can withhold federal payments, such as tax refunds, to satisfy delinquent debts. This collection method does not apply to Supplemental Security Income (SSI), which is exempt from offset.
Verified AnswerFrequently asked
Can Social Security benefits be garnished for federal debt?
Yes, Social Security benefits can be garnished to collect federal non-tax debts. The garnishment is limited to 15% of the benefit or the amount exceeding $750, whichever is less.
What debts can cause Social Security garnishment?
Social Security can be garnished for child support, alimony, unpaid federal taxes, and certain federal debts. SSI benefits, however, are exempt from garnishment.
How much of my Social Security can be garnished?
The amount garnished from Social Security for federal non-tax debts is capped at the lesser of 15% of the payment or the amount exceeding $750.
Will Social Security notify me before garnishment?
Yes, you will be notified at least 30 days before garnishment begins, and you will have options to review, dispute, or arrange repayment.
What happens if I don't agree with the debt garnishment?
You have the right to request a hearing to dispute the debt or the garnishment terms before the proceedings start.