Survivor Benefits
How Are Social Security Survivor Benefits Calculated for a Widow or Widower?
Verified against SSA POMS as of July 29, 2026
The short answer
Survivor benefits are based on the deceased's earnings record. A widow(er) may be entitled to benefits if at least age 60, or 50 if disabled, and not entitled to a retirement benefit equal or exceeding the deceased's PIA. The benefit amount is reduced if received before full retirement age, with specific percentages based on the widow(er)'s age at start.
Basic Eligibility Requirements
Eligibility for survivor benefits requires the widow(er) to be at least age 60 or 50 if disabled, and unmarried, unless certain exceptions apply (e.g., remarriage after turning 60). They must also not be entitled to a retirement benefit equal to or greater than the deceased's PIA. The deceased NH must have died fully insured. RS 00207.001
RS 00207.001 View source ›Benefit Computation
Benefit amounts are based on the deceased NH's earnings record. If the deceased ever received a reduced retirement benefit, there is a limit on the amount of the survivor benefit. If the widow(er)'s benefit is claimed at full retirement age, they receive 100% of the deceased's PIA. If claimed earlier, the benefit is reduced according to specific reduction factors. RS 00207.002
RS 00207.002 View source ›Effect of Remarriage
Remarriage typically disqualifies a widow(er) from receiving survivor benefits unless it occurs after age 60 (or 50 if disabled). Such remarriages can be disregarded for entitlement purposes. Benefits do not terminate upon remarriage that meets these conditions. RS 00207.003
RS 00207.003 View source ›Disability Considerations
Disabled widow(er) benefits are available for those aged 50-59 if they meet the disability definition in section 223(d) of the Act, and if disability began within the prescribed period. A waiting period of 5 months applies. RS 00207.001
RS 00207.001 View source ›Frequently asked
Can I get survivor benefits if I remarry?
Yes, if you remarry after age 60, or after 50 if you’re disabled, your remarriage does not affect your eligibility for survivor benefits.
What happens to survivor benefits if I claim them before full retirement age?
If you claim survivor benefits before your full retirement age, the benefits will be reduced. The reduction is greater the earlier you claim.
How are my benefits affected if I am disabled?
If you are a disabled widow(er) aged 50 or older, you may qualify for survivor benefits. The benefit calculations and waiting period for disability apply.
Can I receive a retirement benefit and a widow(er)'s benefit at the same time?
No, you cannot receive both benefits simultaneously. You may be eligible for the higher of the two, but not both.